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. 2019 Jul 15;9:10176. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-46671-1

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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H&E stained-sections of the colon of adult male mice. (A–C: Control group A) Normal arrangement of the lining layers; mucosa (mu), submucosa (sm) and musculosa (m) (100x). (B) Apical parts of the mucosa; absorptive columnar cells (arrows), numerous goblet cells (g), thin lamina propria (Lp), few lymphocytes (arrow heads) (400x). (C) Basal parts of the mucosa; thin lamina propria (Lp), normal muscularis mucosa (mm), submucosa (sm) and musculosa (m) (400x). (D–G: DSS group D) Few abnormal crypts (arrows), scanty goblet cells (g), diffuse inflammatory cell infiltrations (arrow heads) (100x). (E) Ulcerated mucosa (arrows), submucosal widening (curved arrows), separated muscle fibers of musculosa (zigzag arrows) (100x). (F) Apical parts of the mucosa; few goblet cells (g), many vacuolated columnar cells (V), some cells with small dark nuclei (arrows), intense inflammatory cell infiltrations (arrow heads), separated muscle fibers of muscularis mucosa (mm) (400x). (G) Basal parts of mucosa; goblet cells (G), congested blood vessels (BV), submucosal edema (curved arrows), many inflammatory cell infiltrations (arrow heads) (400x). (H–J: DSS+ AuNPs group H) Preserved crypts (arrows), many goblet cells (g) (100x). (I) Apical parts of the mucosa; columnar cells (arrows) and many goblet cells (g), thin lamina propria (Lp), some inflammatory cells (arrow heads) (400x). (J) Basal parts of the crypts; many goblet cells (g), thin lamina propria (Lp) (400x).