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. 2019 Jul 9;10:1519. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01519

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Copyright © 2019 Dukunde, Schneider, Schmidt, Veldkamp and Daniel.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Area of study in the Hainich national park. (A) Boundary of the Hainich national park (51°05′37.0 N, 10°30′10.6 E). (B) Map of Germany showing location of the Hainich National Park in Thuringia, Germany. (C) Sampling area showing distribution of mono stands and mixed stands used for sample collection. Abbreviations stand for the following tree species associations in mixed stands: beech-hornbeam-lime (BHL), beech-oak-hornbeam (BHO), beech-oak-lime (BOL), and hornbeam-oak-lime (HOL). The map was generated by using data from the following data providers: Esri, HERE, DeLorme, Intermap, increment P. Corp., GEBCO, USGS, FAO, NPS, NRCAN, GeoBase, IGN, Kadaster, NL, Ordnance Survey, Esri Japan, METI, Esri China (Hong Kong), swisstopo, Mapmyindia, @OpenStreatMap contributors, and the GIS user community.