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. 2019 Jul 9;9:617. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00617

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Copyright © 2019 Liu, Chen, Sun, Zhang, Han, Dai, He, Shi and Chen.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effects of TUFT1 on migration, invasiveness and stemness in vivo and in vitro. MDA-MB-231 and HCC1937 cells were infected with TUFT1-shRNA or scramble (scr)-shRNA. (A) TUFT1 protein and mRNA expression levels were reduced in MDA-MB-231 and HCC1937 cells with infection of adenovirus encoding TUFT1-shRNA#1 and TUFT1-shRNA#2. Cell wound (B), invasiveness (C) and migration (D) were aberrant regulated after TUFT1 down-regulation in MDA-MB-231 or HCC1937 cells (n = 3). (E) TUFT1 knockdown in MDA-MB-231 cells significantly reduced the number of lung metastatic nodules (n = 10). (F) TUFT1 knockdown drastically reduced the number of mammary spheres formed by MDA-MB-231 cells (n = 3). (G) The protein levels of Nanog, Sox2 and Oct4 were decreased by TUFT1 knockdown in both MDA-MB-231 and HCC1937 cells (n = 3). Results are presented as means ± SD. The statistical significance was assessed by student's t-test; ^*p < 0.05, ^**p < 0.01.