TABLE 1.

Biomass (DCW) and itaconic acid (IA) production as well as derived kinetic parameters of Aspergillus terreus NRRL 1960 cultivations as a function of the initial D-xylose concentration.

Initial D-xylose (g L–1)	Maximal IA (g L–1)	Final DCW (g L–1)	Xylitol (g L–1)	α-ketoglutarate (g L–1)	CO2 from CAD reaction (g L–1)	IA molar yield (Yp/s)	Overall cell mass yield1 (Yx/s)	Specific cell mass yield2 (Yx/s)
9.79 ± 0.71	2.08 ± 0.17	3.17 ± 0.1	–	–	0.7	0.24	0.32	0.45
20.15 ± 2.49	7.33 ± 0.85	3.85 ± 0.3	0.01 ± 0.01	0.02 ± 0.02	2.48	0.42	0.19	0.37
31.81 ± 1.99	14.57 ± 1.77	4.67 ± 0.4	0.02 ± 0.01	0.12 ± 0.08	4.93	0.53	0.14	0.38
51.65 ± 1.26	27.45 ± 1.32	4.93 ± 0.4	0.05 ± 0.01	0.32 ± 0.14	9.28	0.63	0.1	0.34
69.97 ± 0.26	37.29 ± 1.32	7.46 ± 0.9	0.10 ± 0.01	0.49 ± 0.12	12.62	0.62	0.1	0.37
91.28 ± 1.04	45.71 ± 2.85	8.01 ± 0.2	0.21 ± 0.02	0.73 ± 0.10	15.46	0.58	0.09	0.27
110.46 ± 0.74	53.97 ± 2.68	8.49 ± 0.6	0.37 ± 0.02	1.15 ± 0.14	18.25	0.55	0.08	0.23

Mycelia grew under submerged conditions in shake-flasks in an optimized IA-producing medium (see section “Materials and Methods”). Cultivations with 10, 50, and 110 g/L initial D-xylose concentrations (indicated by bold numbers) were reproduced in 2-L scale bioreactors under controlled batch conditions (see section “Results”). Framed dataset served as a basis for Figure 6. ¹Calculated by relating the concentrations of the final biomass (DCW) to that of the total supplied carbon source (D-xylose). ²Calculated by relating the concentrations of the final biomass (DCW) to that of the total supplied carbon source (D-xylose), from which the amounts needed for the biosynthesis of the side products, CO₂ and itaconic acid were deduced (i.e., only processes relevant to biomass synthesis and energy required for growth were considered).