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. 2019 Jul 9;10:1499. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01499

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Copyright © 2019 Alviz-Gazitua, Fuentes-Alburquenque, Rojas, Turner, Guiliani and Seeger.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effect of cadmium on the transcription of c-di-GMP metabolic and heavy metal resistance genes in planktonic and biofilm C. metallidurans CH34 cells. The transcription was measured after exposure to cadmium (2 mM) for 45 min. (A) Genes involved in c-di-GMP metabolism. The term urf2 represents both urf2.1 and urf2.2 genes. (B) Genes encoding c-di-GMP effectors. (C) Mercury and cadmium resistance genes. Each bar represents the mean of values of three independent experiments, each analyzed in duplicate, and standard deviations. Significant differences in expression to the control condition in absence of cadmium, assessed by t-test, are shown in asterisk codes: ^∗P < 0.05, ^∗∗P < 0.01.