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. 2019 Jul 9;10:884. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00884

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Copyright © 2019 Meteier, La Camera, Goddard, Laloue, Mestre and Chong.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Expression analysis of grapevine flavonoid biosynthesis genes in hairy root lines. Expression of chalcone synthases (VvCHS1, VvCHS2), chalcone isomerase (VvCHI), flavanone-3-hydroxylase (VvF3H), flavonol synthase (VvFLS1), leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase (VvLDOX), flavonoid-O-methyltransferase (VvFMT), and a R2R3-MYB transcription factor (VvMYBF1) was studied by qPCR in 2-week-old root tips from A4, pBin and VvSWEET4_OX lines. Transcript levels of the different genes were normalized to Vitis vinifera GAPDH and EF1α transcript levels. Relative expression indicates normalized expression levels in the different hairy root lines compared to the mean of the normalized expression levels measured in control A4 and pBin lines. Data are mean ± SD of three biological replicates. Means with different letters are significantly different at p ≤ 0.05 (Tukey Contrasts).