Table 3.
The use of hydrometallurgical methods for the recovery of REEs from end-of-life products, according to the studies published in 2016 [24].
| REE | Recycle | Method used | % Recovery | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| REE | Permanent Magnet (Review) | Hydro and Pyrometallurgy | NA | [43] |
| La, Ce | Oil refining Catalyst (Review) | Hydrometallurgy | NA | [48] |
| La, Nd | NiMH magnets (Review) | Hydrometallurgy | NA | [49] |
| Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm | NiMH magnets | Hydrometallurgy | 98.1 (Nd), 95.5 (Sm), 95.5 (Pr), 89.4 (Ce) | [50] |
| Pr | Fuel cell catalyst | Hydrometallurgy | 76 | [51] |
| Pr, Nd | Permanent Magnet | Vacuum Induction melting, hydrolysis and magnetic separation | 93 (99.7% purity) | [52] |
| Pr, Nd, Dy | Motors | Hydrometallurgy | 82 (99% purity) | [53] |
| Eu, Y | Phosphor (lamps) | Hydrometallurgy | 100 (99.9% purity) | [54] |
| Eu, Y | Fluorescent lamp | Hydrometallurgy | 99.9 | [55] |
| Eu, Tb, Y | Phosphor (lamps) | Mechanical Activation and leaching | 89.4 (Tb), 93.1 (Eu), 94.6 (Eu) | [56] |