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2B protein regulates autophagy and apoptosis. The 2B protein induces target membrane remodeling to form the viroplasm, which is generated from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The isolation membrane is produced by the viroplasm. Activation of the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase kinase-β (CaMKK-β) signal pathway is due to an increased intracellular calcium concentration. Furthermore, mitochondrion takes up Ca2+ from the ER, thereby cytochrome cis released, leading to apoptosis.
