Table 2.
High performance of alloy-based anodes in Na-ion battery systems.
| Type of Alloy-Based Anode | Electrolyte Chemistry | Voltage Range (V) | Performance * | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sn coated viral nanoforests | 1 M NaClO4 in EC/DEC (1:1) | 0.01–1.5 | 405/150/50 | [65] |
| Sn nanofibers | 1 M NaClO4 in PC with 2% FEC | 0.001–0.65 | 776.26/100/84.7 | [103] |
| Sb/MWCNT (Multi-walled carbon nanotube) | 1 M NaClO4 in PC (1:1) with 5/10% FEC | 0.01–2.5 | ~382/120/200 | [104] |
| Sb nanocrystals | 1 M NaPF6 in EC/DMC (-) | 0.02–1.5 | ~550/100/660 | [93] |
| Sb@C microspheres | 1 M NaPF6 in EC/DEC (1:1) | 0.01–3.00 | ~584/100/200 | [105] |
| Sb@TiO2 | 1 M NaClO4 in PC (1:1) with 5% FEC | 0.01–3.00 | 541/100/100 | [106] |
| Zn4Sb3 | 1 M NaClO4 in PC (1:1) with 5% FEC | 0.01–2.0 | 290/200/414 | [107] |
| FeSb2 | 1 M NaClO4 in PC with 5% FEC | 0.01–1.2 | 540/130/36 | [108] |
| SnSb@carbon nanocable | 1 M NaClO4 in PC (1:1) with 5% FEC | 0.005–1.5 | 360/100/100 | [109] |
| Si/Ge nanorod | 1 M NaPF6 in EC/DEC (1:1) | 0.001–1.5 | 20 μAh cm−2/200/10 μA cm−2 | [67] |
| Bi@C microsphere | 1 M NaClO4 in EC/PC (1:1) | 0.01–2.0 | 123.5/100/100 | [110] |
| Sn-Bi-Sb | 1 M NaClO4 in PC (1:1) with 5% FEC | 0.01–2.0 | 621/100/200 | [111] |
| Sn4P3 | 1 M NaClO4 in EC/DEC (1:1) | 0.01–1.5 | ~700/100/100 | [112] |
| SnP nanocrystals | 5 M NaFSI in DME | 0.005–1.5 | 600/200/100 | [113] |
| Cu2P/C | 1 M NaClO4 in EC/DEC (1:1) with 5% FEC | 0.01–1.5 | 430/100/200 | [114] |
* Specific capacity (mAh g−1)/number of cycles/current density (mA g−1). FEC = Fluoroethylene carbonate.