Table 1.
Interaction between chitosan and mucins.
| Chitosan | DA (%) | Mw (kDa) | C Chitosan (mg/mL) | Mucin | C Mucin (mg/mL) | Solvent | T (°C) | Method | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chitopharm L Chitopharm M Chitopharm S from Cognis SmbH |
N/S | 500–5000 100–2000 50–1000 |
0.6 | Porcine gastric mucin type II with bound sialic acids 1% (Sigma-Aldrich) | 0.5 | 0.0125 M acetic acid at pH 5.2 or 0.016 M 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid at pH 6.3 | 25 | Complex coacervation Isothermal titration calorimetry |
[53] |
| Chitosan containing ≤1% insoluble matterfrom Fluka | 15.5 | 150 | 0.02 | Bovine submaxiliary mucins (BSMG) from Sigma |
0.025 | 20 mM NaNO3. The pH was 7.5 for mucin and 4 for chitosan | N/S | Surface force measurements Atomic force microscopy |
[54] |
| Chitosanfrom Katakurachikkarin Co Ltd. | 15 | 150 | Attached to the cantilever | Mucin form stomach from Wako Chemical Inc. | Dry film | No solvent, the AFM worked in air conditions | 25 | Atomic force microscopy | [56] |
| Two pharmaceutical grade CS HMC 15 HMC 30 from Heppe Medical Chitosan (HMC) GmbH |
14.8 32.4 |
27.5 17 |
10 | Porcine gastric mucin type III (Sigma-Aldrich) | 5 | 20 mM acetate buffer, pH 4.5 | 25 | Microviscosimetry Isothermal titration calorimetry |
[22] |
| Four biomedical grade HDP 1 HDP 11 HDP 27 HDP 56 from Mathani chitosan Put. Ptd. |
1.6 11 27.5 56 |
124 122 143 266 |
HMCs: 3–4 HDPs: 0.3–0.9 |
8 | MilliQ water and 0.1 M NaCl, both of them at pH 4.5 | 37 | Vicosity measurements | [48] | |
| Two types of chitosan | 1 49 |
162 250 |
Cantilever modified with chitosan | Mucin samples from cardia and fundus of pigs | Film, mucin linked to a mica surface | 25 mM Hepes buffer, 150 mM NaCl, pH 6.9 and 25 mM acetate buffer, 150 mM NaCl, pH 5.5 | 25 | Atomic force microscopy | [55] |
N/S: not specified.