Figure 4.

Predator avoidance behavior endpoint comparisons between control, 1 ppm, and 10 ppm Fe₃O₄ MNPs-exposed zebrafish groups after two weeks of exposure. (A) Predator approaching time percentage and (B) average distance to the separator were analyzed. The locomotion trajectories for the control, 1 ppm, and 10 ppm MNPs exposed fish in the predator avoidance test were presented in (C–E), respectively. The data are expressed as the median with interquartile range and were analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn’s multiple comparisons test as a follow-up test (n = 19 for the control group, n = 20 for 1 ppm MNPs-exposed group, and n = 20 for 10 ppm MNPs exposed group).