Table 2.

Processed samples detected using the proposed protocol

	Non-processed sample (leaf)	Boiled sample		Fried sample
		5 min	10 min	1 min	3 min	10 min
Ac. japonicum subsp. subcuneatum	+ (+)	+ (+)	+ (+)	+ (+)	+ (+)	− (−)
Anemone flaccida	− (−)	− (−)	− (−)	− (−)	− (−)	− (−)

Dried leaves were processed by boiling for 5 or 10 min or frying for 1, 3, and 10 min. The symbol ‘+’ indicates successful amplification within 20 min. No amplification within 20 min was denoted by the symbol ‘−’. The results of processed samples that were treated with artificial gastric juice for 2 h are shown in parentheses