Table 3.

Influence of sample homogenization^A and sonication^B as well as of their combination, i.e., homogenisation followed by sonication, on the efficiency of subsequent l-DOPA extraction^C from dry beans of V. faba var. major “Bachus”.

Pre-Conditioning	L-DOPA Content (µg/g dw)
No pre-conditioning applied	146.0 ± 4.5 c
Homogenisation	151.5 ± 5.1 a
Sonication	135.7 ± 1.8 ab
Homogenisation proceeded by sonication	124.2 ± 2.1 b

^A homogenization conditions: 20,000 rpm, 30 s; ^B sonication conditions: 40 kHz 2 × 40 W, 10 min; ^c extraction conditions: 25 mL of CH₃COOH (0.2% v/v) used as the extraction solvent per 1 g of faba bean, 20 min of extraction time, two extraction runs. The same letter next to the l-DOPA content indicates no statistical difference according to the Tukey’s test (p > 0.05).