. 2019 Jun 25;8(2):87. doi: 10.3390/pathogens8020087

Table 1.

Prevalence Rates of Campylobacter in Humans in Some African Countries.

Region/Country	Population	Sample Size	Prevalence [%]	Genus/Species	Detection Procedure	Reference
EAST AFRICA
Ethiopia
Jimma/South Western	Diarrhoeal children under 5 years	227	16.7	Campylobacter	Cultural	[5]
			71.1	C. jejuni
			21.1	C. coli
			7.9	C. lari
Gondar/North Western	Diarrhoeal children under age 5	285	15.4	Campylobacter	Cultural	[31]
Kola Diba/North Western	Children under age 15	153	10.5	Campylobacter	Cultural	[32]
Kenya/South Western	Diarrhoeal children	156	5.8	Campylobacter	Cultural	[33]
Kenya/South Western	Controls	156	1%		Cultural	[33]
Madagascar	Diarrhoeal children 0–60 months old	2196	9.7	Campylobacter	Cultural	[34]
Malawi/ Balantyre/ Southern	Diarrhoeal children	1941	21	Campylobacter	PCR	[35]
Malawi/ Balantyre/ Southern	Non-diarrhoeal Children	507	14.1	Campylobacter	PCR	[35]
Mozambique	Diarrhoeal children	529	1.7	Campylobacter	Cultural	[36]
Tanzania
Morogoro/Eastern	Patients	1195	11.5	Campylobacter	Cultural, MALDI-TOF	[37]
			84.1	C. jejuni
			15.9	C. coli
Mwanza/Northern	Diarrhoeal children	300	9.7	Campylobacter	Cultural	[38]
Morogoro/Eastern	Diarrhoeal patients	632	9.3	Campylobacter	Cultural with Skirrow’s protocol and PCR	[39]
			96.6	C. jejuni
			3.4	C. coli
Uganda, Kampala	Diarrhoeal children	226	9.3	Campylobacter	Cultural	[27]
			80.9	C. jejuni
			9.5	C. lari
			4.5	C. coli
			4.5	C. lari/C. jejuni
CENTRAL AFRICA
Angola, Luanda	Diarrhoeal children under 5	194	15	Campylobacter	Multiplex PCR	[40]
	Diarrhoeal children under 5	98	23
	Non diarrhoeal under 5	96	6
WEST AFRICA
Burkina Faso, Ouagadougou	Enteritis patients	1246	2.3	Campylobacter	Cultural	[41]
			51.8	C. jejuni
			13.8	C. coli
			3.5	C. upsaliensis
Ghana Kumasi	Diarrhoeal and urinary tract infection patients	202	17.3	Campylobacter	Cultural	[42]
			40	C. jejuni
			2.8	C. jejuni subs doylei
			37	C. coli
			20	C.lari
Liberia Urban coastal Rural forest	Children 6–59 months	859		Campylobacter	Cultural with Skirrow’s protocol	[43]
		341 urban	44.9
		518 rural	28
Nigeria
Sokoto/North Western	Diarrhoeal patients	292	55	Campylobacter	Cultural	[44]
Sokoto/North Western	Pregnant women	23	70	Campylobacter	Cultural	[45]
Enugu/South Eastern	Diarrhoeal children	514	8.3	Campylobacter	Cultural	[46]
Enugu/South Eastern	Diarrhoeal children	514	93	C. jejuni	Cultural	[46]
Ilorin/Middle Belt	Diarrhoeal children	306	8.2	Campylobacter	Cultural with Butzler type media	[23]
			56	C. jejuni
			44	C. coli
SOUTHERN AFRICA
Venda/Northern	Human stools	322	10.2	C. jejuni	PCR	[47]
			6.5	C. coli
			3.1	C.conscisus
Vhembe/North most	Diarrhoeal stools	565	20.3	Campylobacter	Cultural with Cape Town Protocol, PCR	[48]
Cape town/ Coastal	Diarrhoeal stools	5443	40	C. jejuni	Cultural with Cape Town Protocol	[49]
			24.6	C. concius
			23.6	C. upsaliensis
Limpopo, North Eastern	HIV individuals	60	20	Campylobacter	Cultural	[50]
Durban/South Eastern	Diarrhoeal children under 5	126	21	Campylobacter	Cultural	[51]
NORTH AFRICA
Egypt
Assiut/South of Cairo	Human	80	27.5	Campylobacter	Cultural and Molecular	[52]
Abu Homos/ Northern	Children	6562	9.37	Campylobacter	Cultural	[53]
North of Cairo	Rural children	106	12.3	C. jejuni	Cultural	[54]
North of Cairo	Rural children	106	2.8	C. coli	Cultural	[54]
South, South East and North of Cairo	Occupational workers	274	8.4%	Campylobacter	Biochemical and Molecular	[55]
Zagazig/East Nile Delta	Human	110	2.7	Campylobacter	Molecular	[56]
			5.2	C. jejuni
			3.2	C. coli
Giza/Central	Human stools	48	16.66	Campylobacter	Cultural	[57]
Abu Homos/Northern	Diarrhoeal children under three years	396	10.5	Campylobacter	Cultural	[58]
Cairo	Human	869	16.8	Campylobacter	Cultural	[59]
Sudan (Khartoum)	Diarrhoeal children	437	2	Campylobacter	Cultural, PCR	[60]