Table 2.

Analysis of annual BMD change in the lumbar spine

Parameter	Univariate analysis			Multivariable regression analysis (full model)		Multivariable regression analysis (reduced model)
	t	95%CI	p	t	95%CI	t	95%CI
Female over 60 years old	−1.96	− 0.03~0.27	0.051	1.80	− 0.05~0.06
BMI	− 0.29	− 0.14~0.10	0.77	0.10	− 0.11~0.12
HbA1c (NGSP)	0.66	− 0.47~0.94	0.51	0.56	− 0.55~0.98
DAS28-ESR	0.06	− 0.32~0.34	0.95	1.98*	0.001~0.73	− 0.01	− 0.38~0.37
HAQ	0.48	− 0.38~0.63	0.63	0.20	− 0.60~0.73
TSS	− 0.26	− 0.66~0.51	0.31	2.15*	0.001~0.008	1.62	− 0.001~ − 0.01
MTX dose	− 1.10	− 0.14~0.04	0.95	− 0.37	− 0.12~0.08
Steroid dose	2.08	0.01~0.28	0.04*	1.43	− 0.04~0.27	1.54	−0.03~0.26
bDMARD	0.83	− 0.73~0.57	0.41	− 0.60	− 0.60~0.32
Bisphosphonate	2.41	0.15~1.44	0.02*	007	− 0.02~0.82	2.45*	0.10~0.95
Vitamin D	2.34	0.11~1.29	0.02*	0.87	− 0.27~0.58
RF	− 0.60	− 0.004~0.002	0.55	0.48	− 0.003~0.005
ACPA	− 0.84	− 0.005~0.002	0.40	− 1.52	− 0.007~0.001	−1.53	− 0.01~0.001
CRP	0.23	− 0.25~0.31	0.82	− 2.48*	− 0.95~ − 0.11	0.01	−0.31~0.32
TRACP-5b	− 0.86	− 0.003~0.001	0.39	− 1.66	− 0.01~0.001
Homocysteine	− 1.97	− 0.21~ − 0.0001	0.049*	− 2.55*	− 0.30~ − 0.04	− 2.38*	−0.26~ − 0.02
Uc-OC	− 0.96	− 0.13~0.05	0.34	0.45	− 0.09~0.03
BAP	− 0.24	− 0.06~0.05	0.81	0.95	− 0.04~0.12
Urine pentosidine	1.59	− 0.003~0.03	0.11	1.63	− 0.002~0.03	1.45	−0.004~0.03

BMD bone mineral density, BMI body mass index, DAS28-ESR disease activity score in 28 joints-erythrocyte sedimentation rate, HAQ health assessment questionnaire, TSS total Sharp/van der Heijde score, MTX methotrexate, bDMARDs biological disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, RF rheumatoid factor, ACPA anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody, CRP C-reactive protein, TRACP-5b tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b, Uc-OC undercarboxylated osteocalcin, BAP bone-specific alkaline phosphatase

*p ≥ 0.05