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. 2010 Jul 14;30(28):9431–9444. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5537-09.2010

Figure 12.

Figure 12.

Generalizing the concept of hierarchical control. Each level of the hierarchy from cerebral cortex (Cx) to spinal cord to musculoskeletal plant performs a regulatory function for the level above and acts as a controller for the level below. The label inside each feedback loop indicates a typical manifestation of the function at each level. See Discussion.