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Smad4 mutants showed hyperactivity and less adaptive response in open field test. A, Smad4 KO mice showed no difference in sniffing onto a novel object; no difference in locomotor speed in the central quadrant compared with control mice; no significant difference from control mice in the time they spend in the center, but Smad4 KO mice ran faster during the 15 min test in an open field. B, Smad4 KO mice showed less habituation of locomotor activity in open field test. *p < 0.05.
