Spontaneous morphine withdrawal signs were not observed in chronic morphine-treated mice and the hippocampal slices prepared from chronic morphine-treated mice. A, B, Mice chronically treated with increasing doses of morphine expressed spontaneous somatic withdrawal signs at 8 h, 12 h, 24 h, and 36 h but not at 2 h after the last morphine administration. Data are represented as mean ± SEM (n = 8–10). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 compared with saline-treated control mice, two-way ANOVA with PLSD post hoc test. C, Adenosine accumulation in the hippocampal slices prepared from chronic morphine-treated mice was not significantly different in the presence or absence of 10 μm morphine in ACSF. Data are represented as mean ± SEM (n = 7). *p < 0.05 compared with saline-treated control mice, one-way ANOVA with PLSD post hoc test. D, Naloxone precipitation (1 μm) caused a robust enhancement of adenosine accumulation in the hippocampal slices prepared from morphine-treated mice. Data are represented as mean ± SEM (n = 6). **p < 0.01 compared with vehicle group from morphine-treated mice, Student's t test. CTL, Control; MOR, morphine.