Table 2.
Demographic data and psychophysiological parameters of a combined sample of 68 schizophrenia patients and 37 individuals at high risk for schizophrenia from Bonn, Germany, grouped according to their TCF4 rs9960767 genotype (means and SEMs in parentheses, sex and smoking status in frequency data)
| TCF4 rs9960767 genotype | CC + AC | AA | Total | F | df/dferr | p | da | ηp2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 11 (10.5%) | 94 (89.5%) | 105 (100%) | |||||
| Age | 34.0 (4.1) | 31.6 (1.0) | 31.9 (1.0) | 0.55 | 1/104 | 0.46 | 0.24 | 0.01 |
| Years of education | 13.4 (0.7) | 14.8 (0.3) | 14.6 (0.3) | 2.28 | 1/104 | 0.13 | 0.48 | 0.02 |
| Men (%)b | 45.5% | 63.8% | 61.9% | — | 1 | 0.33 | — | — |
| Current smokers (%)b | 63.6% | 45.7% | 47.6% | — | 1 | 0.34 | — | — |
| High-risk subjects (%)b | 45.5% | 34.0% | 35.2% | — | 1 | 0.51 | — | — |
| Medication status (%; never-medicated/typical/atypical antipsychotic)b | 45.5/9.1/45.5% | 47.9/10.6/41.5% | 47.6/10.5/41.9% | — | 2 | 0.97 | — | — |
| Daily chlorpromazine equivalentsc | 205 (64.0) | 166 (23.0) | 171 (21.6) | 0.32 | 1/104 | 0.57 | 0.18 | 0.00 |
| PANSS Positive | 16.3 (2.3) | 15.5 (0.9) | 15.6 (0.8) | 0.09 | 1/104 | 0.76 | 0.10 | 0.00 |
| PANSS Negative | 18.8 (3.0) | 17.9 (0.9) | 17.9 (0.8) | 0.11 | 1/104 | 0.75 | 0.11 | 0.00 |
| PANSS General | 36.8 (4.8) | 36.8 (1.5) | 36.8 (1.4) | 0.00 | 1/104 | 1.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| PANSS Total | 71.9 (9.6) | 70.6 (2.9) | 70.7 (2.8) | 0.02 | 1/104 | 0.89 | 0.05 | 0.00 |
| First block, amplitude of pulse-alone trials (arbitrary units) | 384 (74.9) | 306 (21.0) | 314 (20.3) | 1.38 | 1/104 | 0.24 | 0.37 | 0.01 |
| Mean amplitude of pulse-alone trials (arbitrary units) | 291 (64.1) | 232 (18.7) | 238 (18.0) | 1.00 | 1/104 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.01 |
| Mean percentage PPI (SOA 120 ms)d | 25.0% (8.4) | 45.2% (2.9) | 42.6% (2.7) | 5.13 | 1/100 | 0.03 | 0.73 | 0.05 |
| Percentage early habituation of pulse-alone trials (between first and second block) | 24.8% (4.4) | 22.3% (3.1) | 22.6% (2.8) | 0.07 | 1/104 | 0.79 | 0.09 | 0.00 |
| Percentage total habituation of pulse-alone trials (between first and sixth block) | 32.9% (7.6) | 42.1% (3.0) | 41.1% (2.8) | 1.06 | 1/104 | 0.31 | 0.33 | 0.01 |
| Habituation of pulse-alone trials across 6 blocks (linear gradient coefficient b) | −19.1 (5.1) | −20.1 (1.9) | −20.0 (1.8) | 0.03 | 1/104 | 0.86 | 0.05 | 0.00 |
Bold indicates statistical significance.
aEffect size Cohen's d (d = 0.2 is small, d = 0.5 is moderate, and d = 0.8 is a strong effect).
bFisher's exact test.
cUnmedicated patients and high-risk individuals received the value 0.
dANCOVA, means adjusted by covariates sex, medication (medicated/unmedicated), and smoking status (yes/no).