Phox2bwt overexpression inhibits the proliferation of E7 sympathetic neurons, whereas Phox2b mutants Phox2bR100L, Phox2bR141G, Phox2bK155X, Phox2b676delG show no antiproliferative effect. Sympathetic neurons, transfected before plating with expression vectors for GFP, or cotransfected with Phox2bwt or Phox2bR100L, Phox2bR141G, Phox2bK155X and Phox2b676delG, were labeled and immunostained for BrdU (red), GFP (green) and cell nuclei (DAPI) after 2 d in culture. Expression of Phox2bwt, but not of Phox2b variants caused a decrease in the proportion of BrdU-labeled, GFP-positive transfected neurons. A, Effect of Phox2bwt and Phox2bR100L is shown. BrdU-labeled transfected neurons are indicated by arrowheads. Scale bar, 20 μm. B, The proportion of transfected GFP-positive neurons labeled by BrdU was determined after transfection with GFP only (control) or after cotransfection with Phox2bwt or the Phox2b mutants indicated. Data are the mean ± SEM (n = 3, independent experiments). ***p < 0.001, significantly reduced compared with control.