Table 2.

Article Quality Assessment (cont.)

Article	MMAT Design Category*	Quality Criteria*		Comments	Quality Score,* %
		Criteria	Criteria Met
Herschman18	Qualitative	Sources of qualitative data are relevant	Yes		75
		Process of analyzing qualitative data is relevant	Unable to determine	The form of data analysis is not clear
		Appropriate consideration given to how findings relate to context	Yes
		Appropriate consideration given to how findings relate to the researchers' influence	Yes
Holtz16	Qualitative	Sources of qualitative data are relevant	Yes		100
		Process of analyzing qualitative data is relevant	Yes
		Appropriate consideration given to how findings relate to context	Yes
		Appropriate consideration given to how findings relate to the researchers' influence	Yes
Jibb27	Mixed methods (qualitative plus cross-sectional analytic)	Recruitment minimizes selection bias	No		50
		Appropriate measures and absence of contamination between groups	Unable to determine	Source of survey instrument not clear
		Groups are comparable or differences controlled for	Yes
		Complete outcome data (≥80%) and acceptable response rate or follow-up rate if applicable	Yes
		Sources of qualitative data are relevant	Yes
		Process of analyzing qualitative data is relevant	Yes
		Appropriate consideration given to how findings relate to context	Yes
		Appropriate consideration given to how findings relate to the researchers' influence	Yes
		Mixed method design relevant to the questions	Unable to determine	Rationale for using mixed method not mentioned
		Integration of qualitative and quantitative data is relevant	Yes
		Appropriate consideration given to the limitations of this integration	Unable to determine	Limitations associated with mixed method not mentioned
Kenny17	Qualitative	Sources of qualitative data are relevant	Yes		75
		Process of analyzing qualitative data is relevant	Yes
		Appropriate consideration given to how findings relate to context	Yes
		Appropriate consideration given to how findings relate to the researchers' influence	Unable to determine

^* Quality assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) – Version 2011. MMAT contains 5 study design categories: qualitative, quantitative randomized controlled, quantitative non-randomized, quantitative descriptive, and mixed methods. Each category contains 4 (or 3 for Mixed Methods) criteria. Scores range from 0% to 100%. For qualitative, quantitative randomized controlled, quantitative non-randomized, and quantitative descriptive studies, scores are calculated as a percentage of criteria met. For mixed methods studies, scores are calculated as the lowest score from among the 3 relevant designs (quantitative [Quan], qualitative [Qual], mixed methods [MM]): 25% when Quan = 1 or Qual = 1 or MM = 0; 50% when Quan = 2 or Qual = 2 or MM = 1; 75% when Quan = 3 or Qual = 3 or MM = 2; 100% when Quan = 4 or Qual = 4 or MM = 3.