TABLE 2.
Vitamin D status and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) stage at baseline and two-year follow-up.
| 25-OH | Vitamin D | Optimal | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| vitamin D | Deficiency* | Vitamin D+ | Serum VDBP | CSF VDBP | ||||||
| [mean (SD)] | p | [n (%)] | p | [n (%)] | p | [mean (SD)] | p | [mean (SD)] | p | |
| Baseline HAND Stage | ||||||||||
| Normal | 36.5 (9.0) | 0.77 | 4 (2%) | 0.37 | 55 (34%) | 0.97 | 310 (5) | 0.52 | 236 (32) | 0.54 |
| ANI | 34.0 (8.4) | 1 (4%) | 7 (29%) | 321 (49) | 216 (49) | |||||
| MND | 35.6 (9.4) | 7 (5%) | 49 (32%) | 320 (60) | 242 (31) | |||||
| HAD | 37.0 (12.7) | 4 (7%) | 21 (35%) | 321 (87) | 243 (33) | |||||
| Follow-Up HAND Stage | ||||||||||
| Normal | 35.2 (9.5) | 0.29 | 5 (3%) | 0.7 | 43 (29%) | 0.34 | 313 (61) | 0.22 | 236 (27) | 0.69 |
| ANI | 35.7 (8.7) | 1 (2%) | 12 (28%) | 324 (42) | 251 (31) | |||||
| MND | 36.6 (9.7) | 5 (5%) | 41 (39%) | 317 (68) | 232 (39) | |||||
| HAD | 36.5 (12.2) | 1 (7%) | 5 (33%) | 286 (58) | 257 (41) | |||||
*
Vitamin D deficiency: serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D ≤ 20 ng/mL
+
Optimal vitamin D: serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D > 40 ng/mL
Abbreviations: 25-OH vitamin D: 25-hydroxyvitamin D; ANI: asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment; CSF: cerebrospinal fluid; HAD: HIV-associated dementia; HAND: HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder; MND: minor neurocognitive disorder; SD: standard deviation; VDBP: vitamin D binding protein