Figure.

A Manhattan plot indicating the association between hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and cord blood DNA methylation in a meta-analysis. The model was adjusted for confounders; maternal age (years), parity (nulliparous vs multiparous), maternal smoking status (no smoking in pregnancy, stopped smoking in early pregnancy, smoking throughout pregnancy), diabetes mellitus (no preexisting or gestational diabetes mellitus vs prepregnancy or gestational diabetes mellitus), maternal prepregnancy body mass index (kg/m²), and child sex. The model was also adjusted for estimated cell counts and technical covariates. The uncorrected −log₁₀(P) are plotted. A total of 1075 CpG sites (CpGs) reached the false discovery rate threshold (blue line) and 43 CpGs surpassed the Bonferroni threshold (red line).