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. 2019 Jul 16;9:10320. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-46476-2

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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FACS analysis of mitochondrial activity by RSZ (a), of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψ) by TMRM (b) and of mitochondrial transition pore opening (mPTP) by extinction of calcein fluorescence, evaluated at 1 h (open columns) and 2 h (striped columns) and expressed as percent changes of the untreated controls. All these parameters were decreased by H + R and significantly increased by MnM2 and MnQ2. At the shorter time point (1 h), MnQ2 was more effective than MnM2. ***p < 0.001 vs. controls, MnM2 and MnQ2; (one-way ANOVA); ^#p < 0.05, n.s. not significant vs. MnM2 (Student’s t test).