Table 1.
Summary information for the 47 autosomal SNPs that are used as instrumental variables in the MR analysis.
| Chr | SNP | Position | Gene | Allele | MAF | BETA | SE | p | N | PVE | F |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7 | rs138715366 | 44,246,271 | YKT6-GCK | T/C | 0.01 | −0.2412 | 0.0229 | 7.20E−26 | 132,343 | 8.38E−04 | 110.99 |
| 17 | rs144843919 | 29,037,339 | SUZ12P1-CRLF3 | A/G | 0.04 | −0.0660 | 0.0116 | 1.40E−08 | 121,357 | 2.67E−04 | 32.41 |
| 3 | rs900399 | 156,798,732 | CCNL1-LEKR1 | G/A | 0.39 | −0.0523 | 0.0039 | 2.20E−41 | 143,663 | 1.25E−03 | 179.80 |
| 22 | rs41311445 | 42,070,374 | SREBF2 | C/A | 0.10 | −0.0445 | 0.0066 | 1.60E−11 | 135,729 | 3.35E−04 | 45.48 |
| 6 | rs35261542 | 20,675,792 | CDKAL1 | A/C | 0.27 | −0.0444 | 0.0041 | 4.40E−27 | 143,667 | 8.16E−04 | 117.33 |
| 2 | rs7575873 | 23,962,647 | ATAD2B | G/A | 0.12 | −0.0384 | 0.0057 | 1.20E−11 | 139,425 | 3.25E−04 | 45.33 |
| 6 | rs10872678 | 152,039,964 | ESR1 | C/T | 0.28 | −0.0375 | 0.0041 | 6.90E−20 | 143,672 | 5.82E−04 | 83.66 |
| 21 | rs2229742 | 16,339,172 | NRIP1 | C/G | 0.13 | −0.0360 | 0.0060 | 2.20E−09 | 143,672 | 2.51E−04 | 36.07 |
| 4 | rs4144829 | 17,903,654 | LCORL | T/C | 0.73 | −0.0341 | 0.0042 | 5.30E−16 | 139,426 | 4.73E−04 | 65.98 |
| 8 | rs13266210 | 41,533,514 | ANK1-NKX6-3 | G/A | 0.21 | −0.0308 | 0.0045 | 1.30E−11 | 139,429 | 3.36E−04 | 46.86 |
| 6 | rs1187118 | 34,169,020 | HMGA1 | T/A | 0.83 | −0.0299 | 0.0051 | 3.60E−09 | 137,043 | 2.51E−04 | 34.41 |
| 10 | rs2497304 | 94,492,716 | HHEX-IDE | T/C | 0.48 | −0.0282 | 0.0037 | 2.60E−14 | 143,673 | 4.04E−04 | 58.07 |
| 9 | rs7854962 | 96,900,505 | PTCH1 | G/C | 0.22 | −0.0279 | 0.0046 | 1.90E−09 | 139,424 | 2.64E−04 | 36.82 |
| 5 | rs854037 | 57,091,783 | 5q11.2 | G/A | 0.19 | −0.0268 | 0.0048 | 2.20E−08 | 139,429 | 2.24E−04 | 31.24 |
| 7 | rs11765649 | 23,479,013 | IGF2BP3 | C/T | 0.25 | −0.0267 | 0.0043 | 5.80E−10 | 139,428 | 2.76E−04 | 38.49 |
| 20 | rs28530618 | 31,275,581 | C20orl203 | G/A | 0.51 | −0.0261 | 0.0038 | 7.70E−12 | 138,162 | 3.41E−04 | 47.13 |
| 15 | rs7402982 | 99,193,269 | IGF1R | G/A | 0.57 | −0.0232 | 0.0039 | 2.30E−09 | 139,423 | 2.54E−04 | 35.42 |
| 8 | rs12543725 | 142,247,979 | SLC45A4 | A/G | 0.41 | −0.0231 | 0.0038 | 1.20E−09 | 139,431 | 2.65E−04 | 36.96 |
| 7 | rs798498 | 2,795,882 | GNA12 | G/T | 0.31 | −0.0229 | 0.0040 | 1.30E−08 | 139,427 | 2.35E−04 | 32.77 |
| 3 | rs2168443 | 46,947,087 | PTH1R | A/T | 0.62 | −0.0228 | 0.0039 | 3.50E−09 | 139,426 | 2.45E−04 | 34.17 |
| 15 | rs12906125 | 91,427,612 | FES | A/G | 0.32 | −0.0228 | 0.0040 | 1.70E−08 | 141,281 | 2.30E−04 | 32.50 |
| 22 | rs134594 | 29,468,456 | KREMEN1 | T/C | 0.65 | −0.0227 | 0.0040 | 1.00E−08 | 137,340 | 2.34E−04 | 32.14 |
| 13 | rs7998537 | 40,662,742 | LINC00332 | A/G | 0.32 | −0.0222 | 0.0040 | 3.90E−08 | 139,429 | 2.21E−04 | 30.82 |
| 3 | rs10935733 | 148,622,968 | CPA3 | C/T | 0.59 | −0.0221 | 0.0039 | 9.20E−09 | 139,426 | 2.30E−04 | 32.07 |
| 12 | rs2306547 | 26,877,885 | ITPR2 | T/C | 0.46 | −0.0211 | 0.0037 | 1.80E−08 | 139,432 | 2.33E−04 | 32.49 |
| 9 | rs1411424 | 113,892,963 | LPAR1 | A/G | 0.52 | 0.0212 | 0.0038 | 2.20E−08 | 139,428 | 2.23E−04 | 31.10 |
| 6 | rs9368777 | 33,788,637 | HMGA1 | C/G | 0.58 | 0.0215 | 0.0038 | 2.20E−08 | 135,709 | 2.36E−04 | 32.03 |
| 17 | rs72833480 | 45,964,861 | SP6-SP2 | A/G | 0.29 | 0.0226 | 0.0041 | 4.60E−08 | 139,426 | 2.18E−04 | 30.40 |
| 20 | rs6040076 | 10,658,882 | JAG1 | C/G | 0.49 | 0.0231 | 0.0039 | 2.00E−09 | 139,424 | 2.52E−04 | 35.14 |
| 16 | rs28415607 | 19,993,015 | GPR139 | C/T | 0.25 | 0.0233 | 0.0043 | 5.00E−08 | 143,660 | 2.04E−04 | 29.31 |
| 20 | rs6016377 | 39,172,728 | MAFB | T/C | 0.43 | 0.0239 | 0.0039 | 9.50E−10 | 139,425 | 2.69E−04 | 37.51 |
| 5 | rs2946179 | 157,886,627 | EBF1 | C/T | 0.73 | 0.0240 | 0.0042 | 1.30E−08 | 143,666 | 2.27E−04 | 32.62 |
| 4 | rs2131354 | 145,599,908 | HHIP | A/G | 0.53 | 0.0259 | 0.0037 | 4.10E−12 | 139,431 | 3.51E−04 | 48.96 |
| 1 | rs3753639 | 154,986,091 | ZBTB7B | C/T | 0.24 | 0.0306 | 0.0045 | 7.30E−12 | 138,162 | 3.35E−04 | 46.30 |
| 17 | rs113086489 | 7,171,356 | CLDN7 | T/C | 0.56 | 0.0307 | 0.0038 | 9.10E−16 | 139,426 | 4.68E−04 | 65.28 |
| 1 | rs72480273 | 161,644,871 | FCGR2B | C/A | 0.17 | 0.0313 | 0.0051 | 8.00E−10 | 138,380 | 2.72E−04 | 37.65 |
| 1 | rs2473248 | 22,536,643 | WNT4-ZBTB40 | C/T | 0.87 | 0.0325 | 0.0057 | 1.00E−08 | 139,428 | 2.33E−04 | 32.49 |
| 13 | rs1819436 | 78,580,283 | RNF219-AS1 | C/T | 0.87 | 0.0329 | 0.0057 | 6.30E−09 | 138,979 | 2.40E−04 | 33.36 |
| 9 | rs10818797 | 126,020,405 | STRBP | C/T | 0.14 | 0.0345 | 0.0054 | 1.20E−10 | 139,427 | 2.93E−04 | 40.86 |
| 10 | rs740746 | 115,792,787 | ADRB1 | A/G | 0.73 | 0.0364 | 0.0042 | 3.80E−18 | 143,672 | 5.23E−04 | 75.18 |
| 10 | rs79237883 | 104,940,946 | NT5C2 | C/T | 0.08 | 0.0371 | 0.0067 | 3.50E−08 | 143,666 | 2.13E−04 | 30.61 |
| 12 | rs7964361 | 102,994,878 | IGF1 | A/G | 0.09 | 0.0391 | 0.0067 | 4.70E−09 | 139,428 | 2.44E−04 | 34.03 |
| 3 | rs11719201 | 123,068,744 | ADCY5 | T/C | 0.23 | 0.0463 | 0.0044 | 2.40E−26 | 143,670 | 7.70E−04 | 110.71 |
| 2 | rs17034876 | 46,484,310 | EPAS1 | T/C | 0.70 | 0.0471 | 0.0042 | 2.60E−29 | 134,460 | 9.34E−04 | 125.70 |
| 11 | rs72851023 | 2,130,620 | INS-IGF2 | T/C | 0.07 | 0.0476 | 0.0075 | 2.90E−10 | 135,776 | 2.97E−04 | 40.34 |
| 7 | rs111778406 | 72,957,570 | MLXIPL | G/A | 0.07 | 0.0492 | 0.0075 | 5.80E−11 | 140,932 | 3.05E−04 | 43.00 |
| 9 | rs3780573 | 98,239,503 | PTCH1 | A/G | 0.10 | 0.0555 | 0.0064 | 7.00E−18 | 134,750 | 5.58E−04 | 75.23 |
These SNPs are associated with birth weight at the genome-wide significance level (p < 5.00E−08) in a meta-analysis with up to 143,677 individuals of European ancestry. SNPs are ordered based on their effect size estimates. All the genes (fourth column) were reported to be associated with birth weight in previous GWASs (Horikoshi et al., 2013; Horikoshi et al., 2016). Chr, chromosome; SNP, single-nucleotide polymorphism id; Position, genome position in base pair; Allele, effect allele and alternative allele; MAF, minor allele frequency; BETA, SNP effect size; SE, standard error; PVE, proportion of variance in birth weight explained by the SNP; p, N, and F represent p value, sample size, and F statistic, respectively.