Figure 3.

Potential scheme of microglial replacement therapy. (a) Activated microglia can be harmful to neurons at inflammatory conditions. (b) Selective ablation of microglia within suitable time window may reduce their deleterious effects. (c) Enforced repopulation through adoptively transferring nonactivated microglia or pre‐activated microglia with the desired activation phenotype (either stimulated or gene‐modified) can replenish the empty niche in the CNS. (d) The newly engrafted microglia can perform the normal functions and maintain overall tissue integrity