Table 2.

HRs (95% CI) of fixed and random effects introduced into models C, D and E. HRs reported are all from model E

	Female	Male
Fixed effects
Alcohol abuse	1.36 (1.25–1.48)	1.32 (1.25–1.39)
Anxiety	1.10 (1.08–1.13)	1.10 (1.07–1.12)
Left ventricular hypertrophy	1.65 (1.53–1.78)	1.67 (1.56–1.80)
> 50 medical records in the year prior to the index date	1.30 (1.25–1.36)	1.25 (1.18–1.31)
> 50 prescription items in the year prior to the index date	1.55 (1.51–1.59)	1.49 (1.44–1.54)
Calendar time (by year)	0.96 (0.95–0.96)	0.96 (0.96–0.96)
Region (random effect)
North East	1.07 (1.00–1.14)	1.09 (1.08–1.09)
North west	1.17 (1.11–1.24)	1.14 (1.13–1.15)
Yorkshire and the Humber	1.11 (1.05–1.19)	1.09 (1.08–1.10)
East Midlands	1.00 (0.93–1.06)	0.99 (0.98–0.99)
West Midlands	0.99 (0.94–1.05)	0.99 (0.99–1.00)
East of England	0.94 (0.89 1.00)	0.94 (0.93–0.94)
South west	0.98 (0.92 1.04)	0.99 (0.99–0.99)
South Central	0.92 (0.87–0.98)	0.94 (0.94–0.95)
London	0.89 (0.84–0.95)	0.88 (0.88–0.89)
South East Coast	0.96 (0.90–1.02)	0.97 (0.97–0.97)