Table 3.

Simple and multiple regression results for factors associated with severity of depression among type 2 DM patients

	r	Significance	Beta	Significance
Sex	0.044	0.181	0.042	0.374
Age	− 0.030	0.265	0.061	0.234
BMI	0.035	0.234	0.02	0.674
HBA1c	− 0.001	0.490	− 0.015	0.739
Smoking	− 0.083	0.043	− 0.120	0.008
Alcohol	0.068	0.078	0.072	0.121
Exercise frequency	− 0.045	0.176	− 0.017	0.704
Single	0.116	0.008	0.114	0.027
Living alone	0.053	0.134	− 0.006	0.911
Coping profiles
Active solution	0.151	0.001	0.046	0.403
Seeking help for a solution	0.137	0.002	0.103	0.064
Changing mood	− 0.003	0.471	− 0.013	0.791
Changing one’s point of view	0.129	0.004	0.175	< 0.001
Avoidance and suppression	− 0.332	< 0.001	− 0.275	< 0.001
Emotional expression involving others	− 0.325	< 0.001	− 0.226	< 0.001
Multiple correlation coefficients			0.487	< 0.001
Sex	0.044	0.181	0.033	0.485
Age	− 0.030	0.265	0.052	0.313
BMI	0.035	0.234	0.033	0.497
HBA1c	− 0.001	0.490	− 0.020	0.674
Smoking	− 0.083	0.043	− 0.116	0.011
Alcohol	0.068	0.078	0.071	0.127
Exercise frequency	− 0.045	0.176	− 0.018	0.693
Single	0.116	0.008	0.113	0.028
Living alone	0.053	0.134	− 0.008	0.882
Coping dimensions
Problem focused	0.163	< 0.001	0.135	0.007
Adaptive emotion focused	0.074	0.063	0.131	0.011
Maladaptive emotion focused	− 0.384	< 0.001	− 0.429	< 0.001
Multiple correlation coefficients			0.525	< 0.001

Linear regression analyses for coping profiles and coping dimension were separately performed including confounding factors such as sex, age, BMI, presence/absence of smoking, habitual alcohol consumption, living alone, and exercise habits, HbA1c, and insulin use/no use

Italic show statistically significant

p < 0.003 was regarded as significant using Bonferroni’s correction due to multiple testing in simple correlations