Table 2.
Characteristics of the normal control subjects (NC) or patients with type 2 diabetes (DM), early diabetic kidney disease (DKD1), and late diabetic kidney disease (DKD2) at baseline.
| Items | NC | DM | DKD1 | DKD2 | F | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender (male/female) | 16/14 | 16/14 | 9/6 | 8/7 | ||
| Age (year) | 61.03 ± 7.95 | 60.19 ± 9.71 | 64.70 ± 9.95 | 62.20 ± 7.85 | 1.771 | 0.156 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.55 ± 2.59 | 24.87 ± 3.83 | 26.14 ± 4.00 | 23.42 ± 6.29 | 3.020 | 0.032 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 124 ± 17 | 128 ± 15 | 141 ± 14 | 144 ± 23 | 9.248 | <0.01 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 75 ± 12 | 73 ± 17 | 77 ± 10 | 87 ± 14 | 1.609 | 0.190 |
| FBG (mmol/L) | 4.8 ± 0.5 | 8.8 ± 2.1 | 9.1 ± 2.5 | 10 ± 2.6 | 41.083 | <0.01 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.4 ± 0.4 | 8.8 ± 2.0 | 8.5 ± 1.9 | 7.5 ± 1.2 | 34.566 | <0.01 |
| WBC (109/L) | 4.83 ± 0.79 | 6.46 ± 1.57 | 7.3 ± 1.56 | 6.81 ± 1.5 | 19.205 | <0.01 |
| Neu (109/L) | 3.03 ± 0.71 | 4.07 ± 1.25 | 5.00 ± 1.51 | 4.74 ± 1.26 | 16.688 | <0.01 |
| Lym (109/L) | 1.39 ± 0.25 | 1.78 ± 0.58 | 1.61 ± 0.52 | 1.39 ± 0.52 | 5.594 | <0.01 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.19 ± 0.35 | 2.06 ± 1.21 | 2.41 ± 1.49 | 2.11 ± 1.32 | 7.097 | <0.01 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.86 ± 0.74 | 4.4 ± 1.26 | 4.97 ± 1.50 | 4.33 ± 1.06 | 2.362 | 0.074 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.51 ± 0.49 | 1.21 ± 0.36 | 1.04 ± 0.26 | 1.11 ± 0.27 | 10.173 | <0.01 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.80 ± 0.63 | 2.94 ± 0.63 | 3.24 ± 0.78 | 2.98 ± 0.68 | 2.553 | 0.058 |
| Cr (μmol/L) | 61.96 ± 9.29 | 62.65 ± 20.10 | 101.19 ± 36.50 | 303.77 ± 79.75 | 240.383 | <0.01 |
| UA (μmol/L) | 297.21 ± 69.73 | 307.38 ± 87.00 | 368.49 ± 84.69 | 421.12 ± 90.60 | 11.670 | <0.01 |
| UAER (mmol/L) | 5.38 ± 1.08 | 5.79 ± 2.06 | 9.09 ± 5.41 | 14.37 ± 4.98 | 32.558 | <0.01 |
| eGFR (mL/min·1.73 m2) | 95.24 ± 14.13 | 97.91 ± 18.26 | 61.30 ± 20.49 | 18.11 ± 7.40 | 108.749 | <0.01 |
BMI: body mass index, SBP: systolic pressure, DBP: diastolic pressure, FBG: fasting blood glucose, HbA1c: glycosylated hemoglobin A1c, WBC: white blood cell, Neu: neutrophil, Lym: lymphocyte, TG: triglyceride, TC: cholesterol, HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, Cr: creatinine, UA: uric acid, eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate. The F and P represent the results of comparison between groups.