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. 2019 Jul 1;2019:9096409. doi: 10.1155/2019/9096409

Figure 5.

Figure 5

KXS inhibited oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and apoptosis in AD rat hippocampus. The levels of ROS (a), IL-1β (b), and TNF-α (c) in the rat hippocampus were measured using commercial kits. The representative western images (d) and quantification (e) of Bax/bcl-2 and cleaved-caspase-3 in the rat hippocampus were showed. The score plot of arachidonic acid and its metabolites in plasma was showed in unsupervised PCA (f). Values were the mean ± SD (n = 6). ∗∗∗ P < 0.001vs. the control group; ### P < 0.001vs. the model group; and $ P < 0.05 and $$$ P < 0.001vs. the Hup A group.