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. 2019 Jul 10;12:5525–5536. doi: 10.2147/OTT.S198422

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© 2019 Xue et al.

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RT-qPCR analysis of PD-L1 expression in Hep-2 cells in different treatment groups. Data represent the mean value ± SD, and the experiment was repeated in triplicate (*p<0.05). The relative expression was obtained by normalizing to reference gene β-actin.

Abbreviations: PDT, photodynamic therapy; CDDP, cisplatin; PD-1, programmed death receptor-ligand 1; RT-qPCR, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.