TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics of 3523 participants across quartiles of the DII score: the SU.VI.MAX study1
| Q1 (low-inflammatory diet) | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 (high-inflammatory diet) | P-trend2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 880 | 881 | 881 | 881 | |
| DII score | −1.8 ± 0.8 | −0.1 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 2.9 ± 0.9 | |
| Age, y | 50.9 ± 6.0 | 49.7 ± 6.2 | 49.4 ± 6.1 | 48.1 ± 6.2 | <0.0001 |
| Male, n (%) | 477(54.2) | 427(48.5) | 344(39.1) | 244(27.7) | <0.0001 |
| Intervention group, n (%) | 0.06 | ||||
| Active supplementation group | 483(54.9) | 480(54.5) | 455(51.6) | 451(51.2) | |
| Placebo group | 397(45.1) | 401(45.5) | 426(48.4) | 430(48.8) | |
| Marital status, n (%) | 0.80 | ||||
| Living alone | 121(13.8) | 103(11.7) | 118(13.4) | 119(13.5) | |
| Cohabiting | 734(83.4) | 755(85.7) | 736(83.5) | 732(83.1) | |
| Education, n (%) | <0.0001 | ||||
| Primary | 132(15.0) | 159(18.1) | 168(19.1) | 200(22.7) | |
| Secondary | 329(37.4) | 348(39.5) | 340(38.6) | 364(41.3) | |
| Postsecondary | 416(47.3) | 373(42.3) | 370(42.0) | 311(35.3) | |
| Socio-professional status, n (%) | <0.0001 | ||||
| Unemployed | 57(6.5) | 71(8.1) | 62(7.0) | 98(11.1) | |
| Manual worker | 28(3.2) | 47(5.3) | 40(4.5) | 38(4.3) | |
| Office/support staff | 476(54.1) | 489(55.5) | 507(57.6) | 532(60.4) | |
| White-collar worker | 305(34.7) | 259(29.4) | 250(28.4) | 189(21.5) | |
| Physical activity, n (%) | <0.0001 | ||||
| Irregular | 162(18.4) | 192(21.8) | 206(23.4) | 239(27.1) | |
| <1 h walking/d | 262(29.8) | 286(32.5) | 269(30.5) | 252(28.6) | |
| ≥1 h walking/d | 439(49.9) | 393(44.6) | 390(44.3) | 367(41.7) | |
| Smoking status, n (%) | 0.14 | ||||
| Never smoker | 412(46.8) | 429(48.7) | 427(48.5) | 443(50.3) | |
| Former/current smoker | 435(49.4) | 426(48.4) | 421(47.8) | 403(45.7) | |
| BMI, n (%) | 0.005 | ||||
| Underweight | 9(1.0) | 17(1.9) | 21(2.4) | 26(3.0) | |
| Normal weight | 574(65.2) | 538(61.1) | 577(65.5) | 590(67.0) | |
| Overweight | 234(26.6) | 275(31.2) | 224(25.4) | 205(23.3) | |
| Obese | 52(5.9) | 42(4.8) | 43(4.9) | 45(5.1) | |
| History of CVD/cancer, n (%) | 90(10.2) | 101(11.5) | 90(10.2) | 86(9.8) | 0.57 |
1
Values are means ± SDs or n (%) unless otherwise indicated. The numbers of participants who were missing data were as follows: 105 for marital status, 13 for education, 75 for socio-professional status, 127 for smoking status, 66 for physical activity, and 51 for BMI. CVD, cardiovascular diseases; DII, Dietary Inflammatory Index; Q, quartile; SU.VI.MAX, Supplémentation en Vitamines et Minéraux Antioxydants.
2
P-trend values are based on a linear contrast test or the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test.