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. 2019 Jul 10;7:495. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00495

Table 1.

Various types of nano-composite electrospun fibers.

Types of additives Bioactive additives Polymer matrixes Advantages Directions for future development References
Ceramics Ca-P based components HAp nanoparticles PCL; COL; CS; SF; cellulose; PLA; GEL; PLGA Major constituent of natural bone; promoting osteogenesis Finding proper proportion to improve mechanical properties Bottino et al., 2011; Wu et al., 2014; Lai et al., 2015; Tang et al., 2016; Ao et al., 2017
β-TCP PGS; PCL; CS Ideal resorbability; promoting osteogenesis Improving diameter, porosity, and contact angle Masoudi et al., 2017
Ca-Si based components BGs PCL; CS; GEL; COL; PVA Releasing Ca2+ ions and silicate; promoting osteogenesis Enhancing efficacy of osteogenesis activity Zhou et al., 2017b
Oxides ZnO PCL Antibacterial activity; promoting osteogenesis Ensuring non-toxicity Nasajpour et al., 2018
CaO PCL Promoting osteogenesis Improving mechanical properties Münchow et al., 2015b
Carbon-based components MWNTs PLGA; PLA Improving the strength and toughness; promoting osteogenesis Solving non-resorbability Zhang et al., 2018
GO P34HB Improving mechanical strength; antibacterial activity; promoting osteogenesis Solving non-resorbability Zhou et al., 2017a
Metal components AgNPs CS Excellent antibacterial activity Ensuring non-toxicity Shao et al., 2017
AuNPs / Promoting osteogenesis Further exploring AuNPs incorporated nanofibers Jadhav et al., 2018
Drugs Antibiotics MNZ; ampicillin; amoxicillin; tetracycline hydrochloride; doxycycline hydrochloride; tinidazole PLA; PLGA; GEL; COL Ideal antibacterial activity Improving releasing profile Reise et al., 2012
NSAIDs Ibuprofen; piroxicam PCL; CS; PVA Anti-inflammation activity Improving releasing profile Batool et al., 2018
Growth factors BMP; PDGF COL Promoting osteogenesis Enhancing delivery efficacy and biological activity Ho et al., 2017
Proteins AMPs; PLGA; CS; GEL Antibacterial activity Guaranteeing biological activity He et al., 2018b
Fibronectin PLGA Enhancing cell recognition Improving connection method Campos et al., 2014