Table 1. Distribution of the participants according to socio-demographic characteristic, lifestyle, metabolic syndrome components, BMI and family history of morbidity.
| Overall | No MetS (n = 4355) | MetS (n = 1702) | p | No of components | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | % ± 95% CI | % ± 95% CI | χ2 | Mean ± 95% CI | ||||
| Overall | 6057 | 100 | 71.9 ± 1.1 | 28.1 ± 1.1 | 1.7 ± 0.03 | ||||
| Sex | Women | 3452 | 57.0 | 73.3 ± 1.5 | 26.7 ± 1.5 | a | 0.004 | 1.6 ± 0.05 | a |
| Men | 2605 | 43.0 | 70.0 ± 1.8 | 30.0 ± 1.8 | b | 1.8 ± 0.05 | b | ||
| Age | 18–30 years-old | 1240 | 20.5 | 92.2 ± 1.5 | 7.8 ± 1.5 | a | 0.000 | 0.9 ± 0.06 | a |
| 31–45 years-old | 2524 | 41.7 | 78.3 ± 1.6 | 21.7 ± 1.6 | b | 1.5 ± 0.05 | b | ||
| 46–60 years-old | 1778 | 29.4 | 57.3 ± 2.3 | 42.7 ± 2.3 | c | 2.3 ± 0.06 | c | ||
| > 60 years-old | 515 | 8.5 | 41.9 ± 4.3 | 58.1 ± 4.3 | d | 2.7 ± 0.11 | d | ||
| Education | University | 922 | 15.2 | 86.0 ± 2.2 | 14.0 ± 2.2 | a | 0.000 | 1.1 ± 0.08 | a |
| Secondary | 1753 | 28.9 | 81.4 ± 1.8 | 18.6 ± 1.8 | b | 1.4 ± 0.06 | b | ||
| Primary or lesser | 3382 | 55.8 | 63.1 ± 1.6 | 36.9 ± 1.6 | c | 2.0 ± 0.05 | c | ||
| Marital status | Single | 1508 | 24.9 | 86.4 ± 1.7 | 13.6 ± 1.7 | a | 0.000 | 1.1 ± 0.06 | a |
| Married, couple | 4084 | 67.4 | 67.0 ± 1.4 | 33.0 ± 1.4 | b | 1.9 ± 0.04 | b | ||
| Separated, widow | 462 | 7.6 | 68.2 ± 4.2 | 31.8 ± 4.2 | b | 1.9 ± 0.12 | b | ||
| Occup. activity | Worker | 3709 | 61.2 | 76.1 ± 1.4 | 23.9 ± 1.4 | a | 0.000 | 1.6 ± 0.04 | a |
| Student | 274 | 4.5 | 91.6 ± 3.3 | 8.4 ± 3.3 | b | 0.8 ± 0.12 | b | ||
| Retired, disabled | 414 | 6.8 | 56.2 ± 6.7 | 47.3 ± 6.7 | c | 2.3 ± 0.16 | c | ||
| Unemployed | 457 | 7.5 | 76.1 ± 3.9 | 23.9 ± 3.9 | a | 1.5 ± 0.12 | a | ||
| House keeper | 1146 | 18.9 | 57.4 ± 2.9 | 42.6 ± 2.9 | c | 2.2 ± 0.08 | c | ||
| Ancestry | No | 1067 | 17.6 | 75.4 ± 2.6 | 24.6 ± 2.6 | a | 0.005 | 1.6 ± 0.08 | a |
| Yes | 4969 | 82.0 | 71.2 ± 1.3 | 28.8 ± 1.3 | b | 1.7 ± 0.04 | b | ||
| TV watching | < 1 h/d | 2067 | 34.1 | 73.9 ± 1.7 | 26.1 ± 1.7 | a | 0.000 | 1.64 ± 0.06 | a |
| 1–< 2 h/d | 2014 | 33.3 | 74.6 ± 1.7 | 25.4 ± 1.7 | a | 1.62 ± 0.06 | a | ||
| 2–< 3 h/d | 1481 | 24.5 | 70.2 ± 1.9 | 29.8 ± 1.9 | b | 1.75 ± 0.07 | b | ||
| 3–< 4 h/d | 369 | 6.1 | 59.9 ± 4.6 | 40.1 ± 4.6 | c | 2.04 ± 0.15 | c | ||
| ≥ 4 h/d | 126 | 2.1 | 50.0 ± 7.2 | 50.0 ± 7.2 | c | 2.36 ± 0.24 | d | ||
| Smoker | No | 4437 | 73.3 | 69.9 ± 1.3 | 30.1 ± 1.3 | a | 0.000 | 1.8 ± 0.04 | a |
| Yes | 1613 | 26.6 | 77.6 ± 2.0 | 22.4 ± 2.0 | b | 1.5 ± 0.06 | b | ||
| Alcohol intake | Low | 5700 | 94.8 | 72.4 ± 1.2 | 27.6 ± 1.2 | a | 0.001 | 1.7 ± 0.04 | a |
| High | 349 | 5.2 | 65.0 ± 5.6 | 35.0 ± 5.6 | b | 2.1 ± 0.15 | b | ||
| Nap | No | 4443 | 73.4 | 74.0 ± 1.3 | 26.0 ± 1.3 | a | 0.000 | 1.6 ± 0.04 | a |
| Yes | 1614 | 26.6 | 66.2 ± 2.3 | 33.8 ± 2.3 | b | 1.9 ± 0.07 | b | ||
| Meet PA guidelines | No | 3375 | 55.7 | 69.9 ± 1.3 | 30.1 ± 1.3 | a | 0.000 | 1.8 ± 0.04 | a |
| Yes | 2682 | 44.3 | 77.6 ± 2.0 | 22.4 ± 2.0 | b | 1.6 ± 0.07 | b | ||
| Body mass index | Normal | 2229 | 36.8 | 95.2 ± 0.9 | 4.8 ± 0.9 | a | 0.000 | 0.8 ± 0.04 | a |
| Overweight | 2344 | 38.7 | 70.4 ± 1.8 | 29.6 ± 1.8 | b | 1.8 ± 0.05 | b | ||
| Obese | 1479 | 24.4 | 39.3 ± 2.5 | 60.7 ± 2.5 | c | 2.9 ± 0.06 | c | ||
| Family morbidity § | Neither | 1751 | 28.9 | 78.0 ± 1.9 | 22.0 ± 1.9 | a | 0.000 | 1.5 ± 0.06 | a |
| Father | 1260 | 20.8 | 74.6 ± 2.4 | 25.4 ± 2.4 | a | 1.6 ± 0.07 | b | ||
| Mather | 1485 | 24.5 | 69.6 ± 2.3 | 30.4 ± 2.3 | b | 1.8 ± 0.07 | c | ||
| Both parents | 1561 | 25.8 | 65.2 ± 2.4 | 34.8 ± 2.4 | b | 1.9 ± 0.07 | d | ||
| Low HDL-C | No | 3085 | 50.9 | 92.3 ± 0.9 | 7.7 ± 0.9 | a | 0.000 | 0.9 ± 0.03 | a |
| Yes | 2929 | 48.4 | 50.7 ± 1.8 | 49.3 ± 1.8 | b | 2.5 ± 0.04 | b | ||
| Elevated blood pressure | No | 3510 | 57.9 | 92.3 ± 0.9 | 7.7 ± 0.9 | a | 0.000 | 1.0 ± 0.03 | a |
| Yes | 2489 | 41.1 | 43.6 ± 1.9 | 56.4 ± 1.9 | b | 2.7 ± 0.05 | b | ||
| Elevated Waist circumference | No | 3872 | 63.9 | 90.1 ± 0.9 | 9.9 ± 0.9 | a | 0.000 | 1.1 ± 0.03 | a |
| Yes | 2124 | 35.1 | 40.4 ± 2.1 | 59.6 ± 2.1 | b | 2.8 ± 0.05 | b | ||
| Elevated Fasting Glucosa | No | 4812 | 79.4 | 80.7 ± 1.1 | 19.3 ± 1.1 | a | 0.000 | 1.4 ± 0.03 | a |
| Yes | 1183 | 19.5 | 38.3 ± 2.8 | 61.7 ± 2.8 | b | 3.0 ± 0.07 | b | ||
| Elevated TG | No | 4559 | 75.3 | 85.7 ± 1.0 | 14.3 ± 1.0 | a | 0.000 | 1.2 ± 0.03 | a |
| Yes | 1483 | 24.5 | 30.1 ± 2.3 | 69.9 ± 2.3 | b | 3.1 ± 0.06 | b | ||
95% CI = 95% interval confidence;
a,b,c, represent p < 0.05 for differences among row categories. Same superscript letter implies no differences between concerned categories. Different letters imply significant differences between them. Metabolic risk index is the population mean of the number of MetS components accumulated in each participant in a scale from 0 to 5.
§ At least one precedent of diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease or arterial hypertension from mother, father or both parents. HDL-C = High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol; TG = Triglycerides; MetS = Metabolic Syndrome.