Table 4.
The Effect of Glycation by Glucose on Selected 1H NMR and RS Properties of Bone (Mean ± SD)
| Property | Unit | 0.0 M Glucose | 0.1 M Glucose | 0.5 M Glucose | Friedman p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 H NMR | |||||
| Solid‐T2 | µs | 35.4 ± 5.6 | 35.7 ± 6.9 | 43.8 ± 19.8 | 0.164 |
| Bound‐T2 | µs | 484.3 ± 69.8 | 458.1 ± 49.3a | 442.6 ± 59.9a | 0.008 |
| Vpw/Vbone | % | 1.9 ± 0.3 | 2.2 ± 0.5 | 2.6 ± 0.4 a | 0.001 |
| Vbw/Vbone | % | 22.3 ± 1.4 | 21.5 ± 1.2 | 21.2 ± 1.4 a | 0.001 |
| Raman spectroscopy | |||||
| I1667/I1640 | — | 1.63 ± 0.02 | 1.62 ± 0.02 | 1.60 ± 0.01a | 0.001 |
| I1667/I1690 | — | 1.54 ± 0.04 | 1.56 ± 0.03 | 1.54 ± 0.06 | 0.601 |
| Hyp/Pro | — | 0.799 ± 0.009 | 0.804 ± 0.015 | 0.815 ± 0.014 | 0.078 |
| CO3/ν1PO4 | — | 0.144 ± 0.009 | 0.149 ± 0.015 | 0.144 ± 0.006 | 0.319 |
| 1/FWHM[ν1PO4] | cm | 0.0640 ± 0.0020 | 0.0638 ± 0.0013 | 0.0639 ± 0.0014 | 0.368 |
| ν2PO4/Amide III | — | 2.17 ± 0.11 | 2.12 ± 0.06 | 2.17 ± 0.12 | 0.974 |
| ν1PO4/CH2‐wag | — | 16.60 ± 1.37 | 16.03 ± 0.72 | 16.57 ± 1.28 | 0.135 |
1
H NMR = 1H nuclear magnetic resonance relaxometry; RS = Raman spectroscopy.
Three neighboring bone samples from each donor (n = 10) were incubated for 16 weeks at one of three different concentrations of glucose (n = 10/concentration).
a
p < 0.05 for 0.1 ribose or 0.5 M ribose versus 0.0 M ribose from Dunn's multiple comparison test.