TABLE III.

GEE Model for the Secondary Outcomes of All-Cause 30-Day Hospital Admission, Length of Stay, and Inpatient Mortality

Outcome	Estimate Associated with Overlapping Surgery	P Value
Length of stay*	0.94 (0.89 to 0.99)†	0.012
All-cause 30-day hospital readmission*	0.67 (0.52 to 0.87)‡	0.003
Inpatient mortality§	1.05 (0.54 to 2.47)‡	0.71

^*The models for all-cause 30-day hospital admission and length of stay are adjusted for institution, procedure type, and admission severity of illness.

^†The value is given as the ratio in outcomes (with the 95% CI in parentheses) between the overlapping surgery group and the non-overlapping surgery group.

^‡The values are given as the odds ratio, with the 95% CI in parentheses.

^§Because of the low number of inpatient deaths (43 cases total), the model for inpatient mortality adjusts only for the admission severity of illness.