Figure 3.

PPARδ transactivated the DHFR gene expression. (a) Putative PPREs in the human DHFR gene promoter are listed with their positions and core sequences. (b) HUVECs were infected with Ad‐PPARδ and Ad‐tTA in the presence or absence of tetracycline for 48 hr. The PPRE‐bound sequences were quantified by using quantitative RT‐PCR with the primers flanking the putative PPREs in the DHFR gene promoter (n = 5). (c) Luciferase reporter assay was performed by transfection of pGL3/hDHFR promoter‐luciferase reporters and pRSV‐β‐galactosidase into BAECs. After the treatment with GW501516 for 48 hr, luciferase activity was measured and normalized to β‐galactosidase activity (n = 5). Data are shown as mean ± SEM. *P < .05 versus vehicle