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. 2019 Jul 17;9:10350. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-46601-1

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Renal clinical characteristics and urinary serpinA3 in patients diagnosed with LN. (A) Serum creatinine, (B) Proteinuria, (C) Percentage of renal fibrosis, and (D) WB autoradiography for urinary serpinA3 levels showing all the patients included. (E) Densitometric analysis for WB. (F) Urinary serpinA3 corrected by urinary creatinine. (G) Urinary serpinA3 levels determined by ELISA. (H) Spearman’s correlation of urinary serpinA3 and tubule-interstitial fibrosis. LN III = class III lupus nephritis (n = 18); LN IV = class IV lupus nephritis (n = 18); LN V = class V lupus nephritis (n = 11). Data are presented as Tukey’s box and whiskers plots. Healthy volunteers (n = 20), *p < 0.001 vs. Healthy volunteers, ^ϕp < 0.001 vs. class V LN.