Table 2.
Reference interval limits (2.5th, 50th, and 97.5th percentiles) and the associated 90% bootstrap (1,000 reps) CIs for hematological and biochemical analytes determined for juvenile, as defined by total body length (male < 138 cm and female < 130 cm in length), FPs that were evaluated by capture and release programs conducted in PL and TZO from 2002 to 2017 (Nabi et al., 2018b).
| Analyte | No. of porpoises | 2.5% (90% CI) | 50% (90% CI) | 97.5% (90% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hematology | ||||
| HCT (%)∗ | 68 | 39 (36–41) | 49 (47–50) | 68 (59–78) |
| Hb (g/dl) | 70 | 12.3 (10.2–14.4) | 16.9 (16.5–17.3) | 21.4 (18.8–24.0) |
| RBCs (×106 cells/μl) | 69 | 4.4 (4.1–4.6) | 5.2 (5.1–5.3) | 6.1 (5.7–6.4) |
| MCV (fl) | 61 | 82 (76–87) | 95 (94–96) | 109 (106–111) |
| MCH (pg) | 60 | 29 (28–30) | 33 (32–33) | 37 (36–38) |
| MCHC (g/dl) | 60 | 30 (29–31) | 34.5 (33.6–35.4) | 42 (39–44) |
| RDW (%) | 34 | 11.8 (11.2–12.4) | 13.4 (13.0–13.7) | 16.3 (14.9–17.7) |
| PLT (103 cells/μl) | 70 | 48 (45–52) | 135 (127–143) | 220 (200–240) |
| MPV (fl) | 58 | 8.2 (6.1–10.2) | 12.3 (11.7–12.9) | 16.4 (13.6–9.3) |
| PDW (%) | 61 | 14.5 (13.7–15.3) | 16.6 (16.0–17.2) | 56.9 (55.1–58.7) |
| WBCs (×103 cells/μl)∗ | 68 | 3.94 (3.68–4.21) | 7.60 (7.19–8.00) | 13.09 (10.13–16.04) |
| Neutrophils (×103 cells/μl)∗ | 36 | 2.66 (ND) | 4.44 (3.96–4.92) | 9.81 (ND) |
| Lymphocytes (×103 cells/μl)∗ | 33 | 0.53 (ND) | 2.65 (2.31–2.99) | 4.83 (ND) |
| Mono (cells/μl)∗ | 36 | 14.4 (ND) | 116 (101–131) | 0.42 (ND) |
| Eosinophils (cells/μl) | 35 | 2.3 (ND) | 394 (112–665) | 1.74 (1.29–2.19) |
| Basophils (cells/μl)∗ | 37 | 0 (ND) | 12 (5–19) | 0.07 (ND) |
| Serum chemistry | ||||
| GLU (mmol/l) | 46 | 5.7 (5.5–5.9) | 7.5 (7.1–7.9) | 12.4 (11.2–13.6) |
| BUN (mmol/l) | 56 | 6.9 (NA) | 18.2 (17.3–19.1) | 26.2 (24–28) |
| Cr (μmol/l) | 55 | 33 (20–46) | 78 (74–82) | 120 (116 –124) |
| UA (μmol/l) | 56 | 7.6 (NA) | 47 (42–54) | 229 (142–316) |
| TBAs (μmol/l) | 56 | 1.0 (0.3–1.8) | 4.8 (3.8–6.2) | 18.5 (16.0–21.0) |
| T-BILI (μmol/l) | 53 | 0.04 (NA) | 3.2 (2.7–3.7) | 9.1 (5.0–13.1) |
| D-BILI (μmol/l) | 56 | 0 (NA) | 1.0 (0.7–1.3) | 2.9 (2.6–3.1) |
| I-BILI (μmol/l) | 56 | 0.2 (NA) | 1.7 (1.3–2.0) | 9.1 (5.1–13.1) |
| Cholesterol (mmol/l) | 51 | 0.8 (NA) | 6.0 (5.6–6.3) | 8.1 (7.7–8.4) |
| TG (mmol/l)∗ | 50 | 0.3 (0.2–0).5 | 0.9 (0.8–0.9) | 3.2 (1.9–4.6) |
| HDL-c (mmol/l) | 56 | 0.4 (NA) | 2.8 (2.6–2.9) | 3.7 (3.5–3.9) |
| LDL-c (mmol/l) | 56 | 0.04 (NA) | 0.2 (0.2–0.3) | 3.6 (1.4–5.9) |
| HDL-c/LDL-c | 56 | 0.6 (NA) | 10.6 (8.1–11.8) | 147 (13–280) |
| TP (g/l)∗ | 56 | 58 (56–61) | 71 (70–73) | 86 (83–88) |
| ALB (g/l)∗ | 56 | 20.2 (4.5–35.8) | 42.3 (39.1–45.5) | 65.9 (63.5–68.4) |
| GLB (g/l) | 56 | 2.4 (NA) | 28 (25–31) | 50.6 (40.6–60.6) |
| ALB/GLB | 55 | 0.5 (NA) | 1.4 (1.2–1.7) | 13 (11–15) |
| ALP (U/l)∗ | 54 | 102 (84–119) | 240 (205–275) | 855 (704–1006) |
| ALT (U/l)∗ | 56 | 7.4 (4.6–10.2) | 33.5 (31.1–35.9) | 75.9 (69.2–82.5) |
| AST (U/l) | 56 | 93 (67–119) | 211 (204–218) | 435 (297–573) |
| AST/ALT∗ | 56 | 2.8 (1.9–3.7) | 6.4 (5.9–6.8) | 22.3 (14.5–30.2) |
| GGT (U/l) | 52 | 20 (17–24) | 35 (32–38) | 79 (67–91) |
| CK (U/l)∗ | 48 | 14.6 (6.6–22.5) | 163 (134–192) | 468 (342–595) |
| LDH (U/l)∗ | 48 | 115 (102–128) | 260 (227–292) | 514 (425–521) |
| AMS (U/l) | 47 | 1.0 (NA) | 7 (6–8) | 40 (24–42) |
| Calcium (mmol/l)∗ | 53 | 2.2 (2.2–2.3) | 2.6 (2.59–2.64) | 2.9 (2.8–2.9) |
| Phosphorus (mmol/l)∗ | 50 | 0.4 (0.2–0.6) | 1.6 (1.5–1.8) | 2.7 (2.5–2.9) |
| Sodium (mmol/l) | 56 | 144 (141–148) | 156 (154–157) | 168 (160–175) |
| Chloride (mmol/l) | 56 | 101 (100–102) | 108 (106–109) | 122 (116–129) |
| Potassium (mmol/l) | 56 | 2.7 (2.0–3.5) | 4.2 (4.0–4.5) | 6.7 (5.5–7.9) |
| Mg (mmol/l) | 56 | 0.59 (0.56–0.62) | 0.78 (0.71–0.85) | 1.3 (1.1–1.6) |
| CO2 (mmol/l) | 45 | 14 (13–17) | 24 (21–25) | 36 (30–37) |
| Iron (μmol/l) | 38 | 0.7 (NA) | 31 (NA) | 57 (NA) |
For sample sizes < 40, bootstrapped CIs could not be determined; therefore, only minimum, 50th percentile, and maximum analyte values are provided. ∗Represents analytes which are different from adults (AMs, NP females, and pregnant females), as determined by bootstrap t-test (1,000 reps, P < 0.05) of 95% CI. NA, not applicable; ND, not determined.