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. 2019 Jul 17;20:440. doi: 10.1186/s13063-019-3389-1

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© The Author(s). 2019

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 1 — Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) figure displaying the pilot trial design and the outcome measurements. After screening for eligibility (t-1), women sign the informed consent form and complete the baseline questionnaire (t0). Participants are then randomized in the probiotic or placebo arm and receive either the probiotic food supplement or placebo. After randomization, filling in the baseline questionnaire and collecting maternal vaginal and stool samples, women start using either the probiotic food supplement or placebo. Measurements take place at 26–30 weeks of pregnancy (baseline(t0); 34–38 weeks of pregnancy (t1); 7 days after birth (t3), and 1 month after birth (t4)).