Figure 3.

Effect of selected fractions on induction of apoptosis in T. brucei. (a) The assay measures the binding between phycoerythrin-bound annexin-V protein (annexin V-PE, X-axis) and phosphatidyl serine during either early apoptosis (lower right quadrant) or late apoptosis (upper right quadrant). It also captures the binding between 7-amino-actinomycin-D (7-AAD, Y-axis) and fragmented DNA during either late apoptosis (upper right quadrant) or necrosis (upper left quadrant). At lower left quadrant, there is predominance of viable cells that are negative for both annexin V-PE and 7-AAD. (b) P values were calculated from 3 distinct counts (n=3) [P:< 0.05(∗)]. Error bars originate from mean percentage count ± standard deviation of the mean (Mean ± SD). Fractions were investigated at the IC₅₀ values. ZR=Z. zanthoxyloides LZT, root; WB=butanol fraction; FD=Dichloromethane fraction; FM=Methanol fraction; CN=Negative control.