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. 2019 Jul 11;10:1605. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01605

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Copyright © 2019 Szafran, Gongerowska, Małecki, Elliot and Jakimowicz.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Identification of long-term supercoiling imbalance-sensitive clusters. (A) The chromosomal positions of differentially upregulated (green) and downregulated (red) transcripts identified in the topA-downregulated strain (upper panel) and topA-upregulated strain (lower panel). The positions of the oriC region and the supercoiling-hypersensitive cluster (SHC) are marked in gray. (B) Identification of supercoiling-sensitive clusters. The percent of genes affected by topA downregulation (upper panel) or topA upregulation (lower panel) was calculated in a 250-kbp window and the mid of the window was plotted versus chromosome position. The regions with the percentage of upregulated (green) or downregulated (red) genes higher than 5% (supercoiling-sensitive clusters) are marked at the bottom of the plot.