Table 1.

List of virulence/pathogenicity factors for Xylella fastidiosa.

PD number	Gene	Function	Mutant phenotype in virulence/pathogenicity	Reference(s)
Adhesins
PD0058	fimF	Fimbrial adhesin: cell–cell aggregation, biofilm formation	Reduced	Feil et al. (2007)
PD0062	fimA	Fimbrial adhesin: cell–cell aggregation, biofilm formation	Reduced	Feil et al. (2007)
PD0731	xadA	Afimbrial adhesin: cell surface attachment, biofilm formation	Reduced	Feil et al. (2007)
PD0986		Putative haemagglutinin‐like protein	Reduced	Zhang et al. (2015)
PD1792	hxfB	Haemagglutinin: cell–cell aggregation	Reduced	Feil et al. (2007)
			Enhanced	Guilhabert and Kirkpatrick (2005)
PD2118	hxfA	Haemagglutinin: cell–cell aggregation	Enhanced	Guilhabert and Kirkpatrick (2005)
Quorum sensing
PD0233	rpfB	DSF synthesis, quorum sensing	Reduced	Almeida et al. (2012)
PD0279	cgsA	Cyclic di‐GMP synthase A, quorum sensing	Reduced	Chatterjee et al. (2010)
PD0406	rpfC	Quorum sensing	Reduced	Chatterjee et al. (2008b)
PD0407	rpfF	Quorum sensing	Enhanced	Chatterjee et al. (2008b)
Secretion systems
PD0732	xpsE	Type II secretion system: ATPase	Loss	M. C. Roper (unpublished data)
PD1964	tolC	Type I secretion system	Loss	Reddy et al. (2007)
Polysaccharide synthesis
PD0814	wzy	Lipopolysaccharide synthesis	Reduced	Clifford et al. (2013)
PD1391	gumH	Exopolysaccharide synthesis	Loss	Killiny et al. (2013)
PD1394	gumD	Exopolysaccharide synthesis	Loss	Killiny et al. (2013)
Hydrolytic enzymes
PD0956	prtA	Serine protease	Enhanced	Gouran et al. (2016)
PD1485	pglA	Polygalacturonase: pit membrane degradation	Loss	Roper et al. (2007b)
PD1703	lesA/lipA	Lipase/esterase	Reduced	Zhang et al. (2015) and
				Nascimento et al. (2016)
PD1826	chiA	Chitinase	Loss	Labroussaa et al. (2017)
PD1851	engXCA2	Endoglucanase: pit membrane degradation	Reduced	M. C. Roper (unpublished data)
PD1856	engXCA1	Endoglucanase: pit membrane degradation	Reduced	M. C. Roper (unpublished data)
Membrane proteins
PD0528	xatA	Cell–cell aggregation, biofilm formation	Reduced	Matsumoto et al. (2012)
PD0843	tonB1	Iron and vitamin B12 transport	Reduced	Cursino et al. (2009)
Stress response
PD1380	csp1	Cold shock protein	Reduced	Burbank and Stenger (2016)
Metabolism
PD1311		Acyl‐coenzyme A (acyl‐CoA) synthetase	Loss	Hao et al. (2017)
Toxins
PD0928	zot	Putative Zot‐like toxin	Reduced	Zhang et al. (2015)
Regulatory systems
PD0848	pilL	Type IV pilus: regulates twitching	Reduced	Cursino et al. (2011)
PD1099	dinJ/relE	Toxin–anti‐toxin system, regulatory system	Enhanced	Burbank and Stenger (2017)
PD1100
PD1284	algU	Alternate sigma factor: pathogenicity‐related genes, stress response genes	Reduced	Shi et al. (2007)
PD1386	xhpT	Two‐component regulatory system: pathogenicity‐related genes, EPS synthesis	Reduced	Voegel et al. (2013)
PD1671		Two‐component regulatory system: pathogenicity‐related genes	Enhanced	Cursino et al. (2015)
PD1678	phoQ	Two‐component regulatory system: pathogenicity‐related genes, survival genes	Loss	Pierce and Kirkpatrick (2015)
PD1679	phoP	Two‐component regulatory system: pathogenicity‐related genes, survival genes	Loss	Pierce and Kirkpatrick (2015)
PD1984	gacA	Two‐component regulatory system: pathogenicity‐related genes	Reduced	Shi et al. (2009)

DSF, diffusible signalling factor; EPS, exopolysaccharide; GMP, guanosine monophosphate.