Table 2.
Production of type B trichothecenes in vitro and in planta and virulence on durum wheat (cv. Iride) of the strains used in this study.
| Strain | DON production in vitro (ng/mL medium) † | Disease incidence (FRR) (0–100) | DON production in wheat seedlings (ng/g tissue) † | Disease incidence (FHB) (0–100) | DON production in wheat kernels (ng/g tissue) ‡ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fusarium culmorum FcM7 | 3198.1 ± 155.5 | 61.9 ± 0 | 1092.9 ± 597.2 | 48.1 ± 15.1 | 5340.3 ± 4828.2 |
| R38 | 0** | 6.3 ± 5.5** | 0** | 4.7 ± 1.7** | 900.0 ± 435.9* |
| Fusarium culmorum UK99 | 21 085.6 ± 2727.4 | 95.0 ± 6.6 | 2219.4 ± 1324.1 | 57.8 ± 7.7 | 2598.0 ± 0 |
| FcB6 (ectopic) | 21 612.0 ± 1060.2 | 96.7 ± 3.8 | 1826.8 ± 289.3 | 77.8 ± 6.9 | 11 979.7 ± 1952.5** |
| ΔFcRav2 B24 | 24 044.4 ± 7431.9 | 22.5 ± 13.2** | 0** | 28.9 ± 7.0** | 1732.0 ± 433.0 |
| ΔFcRav2 B51 | 22 369.5 ± 642.7 | 4.2 ± 5.2** | 0** | 22.2 ± 8.4** | 2598.0 ± 1887.4 |
| Fusarium graminearum PH1 | 6336.2 ± 831.3 | 100 ± 0 | 1316.6 ± 447.9 | 44.4 ± 15.0 | N.D. |
| ΔFgRav2 G8 | 7439.6 ± 743.6 | 6.7 ± 5.8** | 0** | 0** | N.D. |
| ΔFgRav2 G10 | 2254.2 ± 349.8** | 4.2 ± 5.2** | 0** | 0** | N.D. |
Values are expressed as the mean of three or four replicates ± standard deviation.
Significantly different from the control strain (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01) based on Dunnett's test.
FHB, Fusarium head blight; FRR, foot and root rot; N.D., not determined.
†Total concentrations of deoxynivalenol (DON) and its acetylated form (3‐ADON) were determined by liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (LC‐MS).
‡Total trichothecenes were measured by Rapid One Step Assay (ELISA lateral flow), designed for cereal flours.