Figure 2.
Coiled‐coil (CC) domain and nuclear localization of SWP1 are required for the induction of witches’ broom symptoms. (a) The amino acid (aa) sequence of SWP1. The signal peptide of SWP1 is underlined with a single line. The predicted CC domain and nuclear localization signal (NLS) are marked with a broken underline and a dotted underline, respectively. (b) Schematic diagram, phenotype and subcellular localization summary of SWP1 mutants. SWP1 was fused with a nuclear export signal (NES), a defective NES (NESKO) or the nuclear localization sequence of SV40 Large T‐antigen (NLSSV40). The presence and absence of witches’ broom symptoms are indicated by + and –, respectively. (c) Six‐week‐old Nicotiana benthamiana plants expressing SWP1 mutants. SWP1 and green fluorescent protein (GFP) were used as controls. Photographs were taken at 2 weeks after agro‐infiltration. Fractions indicate the number of plants exhibiting witches’ broom symptoms and the total number of plants tested. Bars, 0.5 cm. (d) Subcellular localization of N‐terminal GFP‐tagged SWP1 mutants in N. benthamiana leaves. Photographs were taken by an LSM 510 META confocal microscopy system with a wavelength of 488 nm. Bars, 75 μm. [Colour figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]