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. 2019 Jul 11;10:1501. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01501

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Copyright © 2019 Manson, Hoffman, Chen, Ramadan and Billiar.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Innate-like cells in the spleen change their phenotype and function during the first 6 h following T&HS. To determine whether the innate-like cells in this study changed their intracellular cytokine levels after T&HS, flow cytometry was conducted on blood and spleen taken at several sample points during the protocol. This revealed extremely dynamic changes in all three cell types, within the first 6 h of injury. Percentage blood: percentage of IFNγ, TNFα, and Perforin positive cells. Data are presented as median (min-max) and tested with Kruskal Wallis and Dunns multiple comparison test, *denotes p < 0.05.