Figure 6.

Targeted deletion of VdNRS/ER (NRS/ER, nucleotide‐rhamnose synthase/epimerase‐reductase) does not affect cell wall integrity and osmotic stress resistance. Stress sensitivity assays were performed by placing a 5‐μL droplet (10⁶ conidia/mL) of wild‐type Verticillium dahliae (WT), an ectopic transformant (EC) and two VdNRS/ER deletion strains (Δ6010‐1 and Δ6010‐2) on Czapek‐Dox medium (C) or Czapek‐Dox medium supplemented with Congo red (250 mm, 500 mm, 750 mm and 1 m), NaCl (250 mm, 500 mm, 750 mm and 1 m), mannitol (250 mm, 500 mm, 750 mm and 1 m) or sorbitol (300 mm, 600 mm, 900 mm and 1.2 m). The colony diameter was measured after 7 days of incubation at 22°C.