Table 4.

Percentage of Leptosphaeria maculans effector candidates up‐regulated or down‐regulated in vitro in a silenced‐LmHP1 or silenced‐LmDIM5 background, according to their genomic location.

Effector category	Genomic location	Total no. of genes	Over‐expressed in siLmHP1‡ (%)	Repressed in siLmHP1‡ (%)	Over‐expressed in siLmDIM5‡ (%)	Repressed in siLmDIM5‡ (%)
Early effector candidates*	GC‐isochores§	107	4	2	3	6
	Borders¶	11	18	9	9	27
	AT‐isochores**	21	38	5	14	5
Late effector candidates†	GC‐isochores§	285	2	5	4	7
	Borders¶	19	5	21	0	32
	AT‐isochores**	3	0	0	0	0

*Early effectors refer to effector genes showing a peak of expression during cotyledon infection (7 days post inoculation) and no or low expression during stem colonization and in vitro.

†Late effectors refer to effector genes showing no or low expression during cotyledon infection and in vitro, and peaks of expression during stem colonization.

‡The expression level is measured in in vitro conditions and compared with that of the wild‐type isolate. Both LmHP1 and LmDIM5 silencing have been shown previously to impact on the heterochromatic structure of AT‐isochores in L. maculans (Soyer et al., 2014).

§GC‐isochores, genomic blocks with equilibrated GC content (Rouxel et al., 2011).

¶Border, transition regions (859 ± 385 bp) between AT‐ and GC‐isochores.

**AT‐isochores, genomic blocks with low GC content (Rouxel et al., 2011).