Figure 2.

The effect of salt/osmotic stress on viral gene expression. Nicotiana benthamiana plants were co‐infiltrated with Agrobacterium carrying PVA^WT and firefly luciferase (FLUC). Salt and osmotic stress was induced by a second infiltration of 0.7, 0.1 or 0.005 m NaCl at 1 day post‐infiltration (DPI). The control (C) did not receive a second infiltration. Samples were collected at 2 and 3 DPI. FLUC (A, B) and normalized PVA^WT‐derived Renilla luciferase (RLUC) (C, D) activities. Normalization of the RLUC values is described in the Experimental procedures section. Each column represents the average of 12 parallel plant samples. The error bars report the standard deviation of the mean. (E, F) Fold change of the RLUC and FLUC levels above the nontreated control, which was assigned a relative value of unity.