Figure 7.

Inhibition of Ca²⁺ pumps located at the plasma membrane by LaCl₃ prevents the Ca²⁺‐induced effect on viral gene expression. Nicotiana benthamiana plants were co‐infiltrated with Agrobacterium carrying PVA^WT and firefly luciferase (FLUC). Eighteen hours post‐Agrobacterium infiltration, the plants were infiltrated with either distilled H₂O (dH₂O) or 1 mm LaCl₃, followed by a third infiltration with either dH₂O or 0.1 m CaCl₂ within 1 h. Four types of PVA^WT‐infected samples were collected: dH₂O + dH₂O, dH₂O + CaCl₂, LaCl₃+ dH₂O and LaCl₃+ CaCl₂ at 3 days post‐infiltration (DPI). The FLUC and Renilla luciferase (RLUC) activities were determined. Each column represents the average FLUC (A) or the normalized average PVA^WT‐derived RLUC (B) from four parallel samples, and the error bars represent the standard deviation of the mean.